2. Abuse: Community Perceptions, Reporting and Spiritual Abuse
The Muslim community acknowledges that like other communities, abuse is a significant
issue within the community, with a majority recognising the existence of stigma and a cultural
reluctance to openly discuss abuse. There is widespread consensus that learning about and
addressing abuse is not contrary to Islamic principles, and there is a clear understanding of
the various forms abuse can take, encompassing physical, emotional, verbal, and religious
aspects. Barriers to accessing support include fear, shame, language barriers and being
unaware of available resources. The types of abuse reported range from racism and domestic
abuse to spiritual abuse, with profound impacts on individuals' mental and physical well-
being. Equally, there are low rates of reporting for a host of different reasons including
fear of repercussions, stigma, disbelief, and mistrust in professional ability of religious
authority figures. Many survivors remain silent, fearing community backlash and concerns
about protecting perpetrators or family honour. Spiritual abuse is present within the Muslim
community, with a substantial portion of participants reporting personal experiences or
knowing someone who has experienced such abuse. This abuse encompasses various
forms, including justifying inappropriate behaviour through religion, coercion, physical
violence, and manipulation of religious teachings to maintain control and silence victims.
1. The Scottish Muslim Community: Space and Safeguarding
Muslim community spaces have a profound significance for Muslims in Scotland. There is
a deep-seated need for connection, belonging, and spiritual fulfilment. Mosques emerge as
central hubs, offering a sense of communal identity and worship, with a desire for increased
accessibility and engagement. Engaging Muslim spaces in Scotland are characterised by
peer interactions, accessible language, and opportunities for personal and spiritual growth.
The ideal Muslim community spaces cater to diverse needs, serving as hubs and particularly
supporting women, families, and newcomers to the faith. Muslim spaces are sanctuaries for
faith affirmation, identity preservation, and socialising. There are however significant gaps in
safeguarding practices within Muslim spaces in Scotland, with instances of physical violence,
emotional abuse, and sexual misconduct reported. These breaches are exacerbated by a
lack of awareness, accountability, and institutional support, leading to a culture of silence
and fear of reporting concerns.
Summary of
Findings
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