ALGERIA eyes open to the world
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SUMMARY
Info
Interview : Nadège, 28 years old, Nurse
Film related to Algeria
Novel linked to Algeria
Quiz on Algeria
Sites selling products linked to Algeria
Incredible events related to Algeria
social rules to respect in Algerian culture
main Algerian political leaders
Algerian gastronomy
The greatest Algerian fortunes
Stars of Algerian song
The biggest superstitions of Algerians
Festivals in Algeria
The worst clichés about the Algerian people
Newspapers, Radios, Televisions in Algeria
The greatest Algerian sportsmen and women
Algerian actors and actresses and personalities in the world of cinema
Outfits in Algeria
The main Algerian cities
Algerian national pride
Algerian TV series
Algerian influencers
Algeria's international allies
The most beautiful places to see in Algeria
Favorite activity and pastime of Algerians
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Info
Algeria
Algeria, located in North Africa, has a rich and complex history that spans several millennia. The
formation of modern Algeria is the result of multiple cultural, colonial, and revolutionary influences.
Early Civilizations
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Ancient Civilizations: The earliest inhabitants of Algeria were the Berbers, whose presence
dates back thousands of years before our era. The Berbers left traces of their civilization in
rock paintings and megalithic monuments.
●
Phoenician and Roman Influences: Around the 12th century BC, the Phoenicians
established trading posts along the Algerian coast, including the city of Carthage. Later, the
Roman Empire annexed the region, making Algeria a flourishing Roman province.
The Islamic Period
●
Arab Conquest: In the 7th century, Arab Muslims conquered Algeria, introducing Islam and
the Arabic language. This period marked a significant cultural turning point for the region.
●
Islamic Dynasties: Several Muslim dynasties ruled Algeria, including the Almoravids,
Almohads, and Zianids, each leaving a lasting impact on the country's political and cultural
landscape.
French Colonization
●
French Invasion: In 1830, France invaded Algeria, beginning a period of colonization that
would last 132 years. French colonization profoundly transformed Algerian society, creating
social and economic tensions.
●
Repression and Resistance: French rule was marked by severe repression, but also by
continuous resistance from Algerians. Figures such as Emir Abd el-Kader emerged as leaders
of the resistance against French occupation.
The Struggle for Independence
●
Rise of Nationalism: In the 20th century, nationalist sentiment began to crystallize. The
Algerian nationalist movement gained momentum with the creation of various political parties
and organizations, such as the Algerian People's Party (PPA) and the Movement for the
Triumph of Democratic Liberties (MTLD).
●
War of Independence: On November 1, 1954, the National Liberation Front (FLN) launched
an armed insurrection against French colonial forces, marking the beginning of the Algerian
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War of Independence. This brutal conflict, which lasted eight years, resulted in hundreds of
thousands of casualties and deeply affected both nations.
Independence and the Birth of the Algerian Republic
●
Evian Accords: On March 18, 1962, the Evian Accords were signed, ending the Algerian War
and paving the way for independence. On July 5, 1962, Algeria officially proclaimed its
independence.
●
Establishment of the Government: Ahmed Ben Bella became the first president of
independent Algeria. However, his government quickly faced internal political challenges,
culminating in a coup d'état in 1965 led by Houari Boumédiène.
Modern Algeria
●
Economic and Social Development: Since its independence, Algeria has faced numerous
challenges, including economic development, diversifying its economy beyond hydrocarbons,
and modernizing its infrastructure.
●
Political Issues: Algeria's political life has been marked by periods of stability and turmoil,
including the civil war of the 1990s. However, the country continues to strengthen and seek
ways to ensure sustainable and inclusive development.
The birth of Algeria is a story of struggle, resilience, and transformation. From its ancient roots to
modern challenges, Algeria continues to develop as a sovereign nation, preserving its rich cultural
heritage while adapting to contemporary realities.
Interview : Nadège, 28 years old, Nurse
Smail: Hello Nadège, how long have you been a nurse already?
Nadège: Hello Smail, I have been working as a nurse for ten years now.
Smail: Impressive! So, let's talk a bit about Algerian men. You told me you have strong opinions on
the subject. Can you tell me more?
Nadège: Yes, of course. I think the majority of Algerian men are respectable. They uphold deep
values of respect towards women and the family in general. This is something I admire a lot about
them.
Smail: That's a positive perspective. But you also mentioned that there is a less flattering side. Can
you explain?
Nadège: Absolutely. Alongside this respectful majority, there are also those who are antisemitic,
sexist, racist, and who respect no one, not even themselves. Their attitudes are frankly disgusting.
Smail: What do you think explains these behaviors?
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Nadège: I believe it can be due to several factors. There is probably an inferiority complex in some, a
hurtful stigma that pushes them to act aggressively as a form of self-defense. And let's be honest,
there is also a fair amount of natural stupidity.
Smail: Are these attitudes you describe common?
Nadège: Fortunately, no, these individuals are not representative of the Algerian community.
Unfortunately, they are often the most visible and loudest, which gives a bad image of the community
as a whole.
Smail: How do you deal with these behaviors in your work?
Nadège: As a nurse, I am trained to treat everyone with the same respect, regardless of their
attitudes. But that doesn't mean I tolerate disrespect. I try to stay professional and not let their
behavior affect me personally, even though it's not always easy.
Smail: It must be difficult sometimes. What message would you like to convey to those who
perpetuate these negative behaviors?
Nadège: I would tell them to look at themselves in a mirror and think about what they truly want to
represent. Their behavior harms not only themselves but the entire community. Respect begins with
oneself, and they must learn to respect themselves before they can respect others.
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Film related to Algeria
"The Battle of Algiers" (1966): Directed by Gillo Pontecorvo, this film portrays the historical events
of the Battle of Algiers, which took place during Algeria's war of independence against colonial
France. The film is acclaimed for its realistic and immersive depiction of historical events, as well as
its profound political and social significance.
Synopsis: "The Battle of Algiers" focuses primarily on the events that occurred in Algiers between
1954 and 1957, when the National Liberation Front (FLN) waged a clandestine struggle against the
French colonial forces. The film traces the urban guerrilla strategies employed by the FLN and the
brutal repression carried out by the French paratroopers under General Massu.
Themes Explored:
●
Struggle for Independence: The film powerfully illustrates the efforts of the Algerian people
to achieve political and national independence in the face of French colonial occupation. It
highlights the sacrifices and challenges faced by the freedom fighters, as well as the moral
and political dilemmas they encounter.
●
Colonialism and Oppression: "The Battle of Algiers" explores the injustices of French
colonialism in Algeria, shedding light on the abuses of power, torture, and repression
exercised by the colonial forces. The film presents an unflinching look at the human
consequences of colonial domination.
●
Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: The film also examines the strategies and tactics used by
both the FLN and the French forces in an asymmetric warfare context, where civilians are
often caught in the crossfire.
Impact and Legacy: "The Battle of Algiers" has had significant impact both cinematically and
politically. It has been praised for its committed direction, documentary realism, and its ability to
provoke critical reflection on issues of power, justice, and resistance. The film was also controversial
upon its release due to its candid depiction of torture and violence during the war of independence.
Historically, "The Battle of Algiers" has been used as a teaching tool in military academies and
counter-insurgency schools due to its historical accuracy and tactical relevance. It remains an
essential film for understanding the modern history of Algeria and the struggles for national
independence.
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In conclusion, "The Battle of Algiers" is widely regarded as one of the best films about Algeria due to
its profound and nuanced treatment of key historical events and its lasting impact on cinema and
collective memory.
Novel linked to Algeria
"L'Amour, la Fantasia" by Assia Djebar (1985) is a novel that makes a significant contribution to
Algerian and Francophone literature, exploring the complex themes of identity, colonization, and the
struggle for independence through the lens of women.
Synopsis: The novel is presented as a meditation on collective and individual memory, intertwining
personal history with the collective history of Algeria. Assia Djebar juxtaposes the voices of Algerian
and French women to explore the effects of French colonization on Algerian society and gender
relations.
Themes Explored:
●
Female Identity and Silenced Voices: Assia Djebar gives voice to women, who are often
marginalized or silenced in official history. She explores how Algerian and French women
experienced and interacted within the context of colonization, highlighting their struggles,
desires, and resilience in the face of socio-political challenges of their time.
●
Colonization and Deconstruction of Stereotypes: Through her female characters, Djebar
challenges colonial stereotypes and simplistic representations of women in historical
narratives. She portrays complex and multifaceted women, fighting for their own autonomy
and for the liberation of their country.
●
Struggle for Independence: The novel also explores the contribution of women to Algeria's
fight for independence. It shows how they were involved in various roles, whether as active
combatants, bearers of family and community memories, or as guardians of traditions and
cultures threatened by colonial domination.
Literary Style and Impact: Assia Djebar employs a rich and poetic writing style, blending history,
memory, and fiction to create a powerful and evocative narrative. Her unique literary approach allows
readers to feel the emotional depth and impact of historical events on individual and collective lives.
"L'Amour, la Fantasia" is recognized not only for its literary quality but also for its contribution to a
better understanding of colonial and postcolonial dynamics in Algeria. It has been praised for its
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ability to give women a voice and allow them to reclaim their history and identity in a context often
dominated by male narratives.
Conclusion: "L'Amour, la Fantasia" remains an essential work for those interested in postcolonial
studies, feminist literature, and the complexity of Algerian history. Assia Djebar presents a powerful
and enlightening testimony on the struggles and triumphs of women in the context of colonialism and
the quest for national emancipation.
Quiz on Algeria
1. What is the capital of Algeria?
2. What is the area of Algeria?
3. What is the approximate population of Algeria?
4. What is the official language of Algeria?
5. What is the main river in Algeria?
6. What is the highest point in Algeria?
7. What currency is used in Algeria?
8. What is the main religion in Algeria?
9. What is the name of the desert that covers a large part of Algeria?
10. In which year did Algeria gain its independence?
11. Which country colonized Algeria before its independence?
12. Who is the national hero of Algeria, leader of the resistance against French colonization?
13. What is the name of the famous mountain range located in Algeria?
14. What is the largest port city in Algeria?
15. What is the name of Algeria's national dish?
16. What is Algeria's main natural resource?
17. What is the name of Algeria's national anthem?
18. What is the name of the well-preserved ancient Roman city in Algeria, listed as a UNESCO
World Heritage site?
19. What is the name of the Algerian president who served from 1999 to 2019?
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20. What is the name of the traditional Algerian dance known for its rhythm and acrobatic
movements?
Answers
1. What is the capital of Algeria?
○
Algiers.
2. What is the area of Algeria?
○
Approximately 2,381,741 km².
3. What is the approximate population of Algeria?
○
Around 44 million (according to recent estimates).
4. What is the official language of Algeria?
○
Arabic and Berber.
5. What is the main river in Algeria?
○
The Cheliff.
6. What is the highest point in Algeria?
○
Mount Tahat (2,918 meters).
7. What currency is used in Algeria?
○
The Algerian dinar.
8. What is the main religion in Algeria?
○
Islam.
9. What is the name of the desert that covers a large part of Algeria?
○
The Sahara.
10.In which year did Algeria gain its independence?
○
1962.
11. Which country colonized Algeria before its independence?
○
France.
12.Who is the national hero of Algeria, leader of the resistance against French colonization?
○
Emir Abdelkader.
13.What is the name of the famous mountain range located in Algeria?
○
The Aurès.
14.What is the largest port city in Algeria?
○
Oran.
15.What is the name of Algeria's national dish?
○
Couscous.
16.What is Algeria's main natural resource?
○
Oil and natural gas.
17.What is the name of Algeria's national anthem?
○
"Kassaman".
18.What is the name of the well-preserved ancient Roman city in Algeria, listed as a UNESCO
World Heritage site?
○
Timgad.
19.What is the name of the Algerian president who served from 1999 to 2019?
○
Abdelaziz Bouteflika.
20.What is the name of the traditional Algerian dance known for its rhythm and acrobatic
movements?
○
Raï (Note: Raï is also a musical genre, and traditional dances vary by region, such as
Alaoui in the Aurès).
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Sites selling products linked to Algeria
AlgerianStore
Description: AlgerianStore offers a wide range of Algerian products, including traditional clothing,
accessories, food items, and cultural articles.
Link: AlgerianStore
Etsy
Description: Etsy is a platform where artisans from around the world sell unique products. You can
find Algerian items such as Berber jewelry, traditional rugs, and clothing.
Link: Etsy Algerian Products
Jumia Algeria
Description: Jumia is a major online shopping site in Africa, including Algeria, offering a variety of
products ranging from clothing to electronics and food items.
Link: Jumia Algeria
Algeria Market
Description: Algeria Market is a site dedicated to selling Algerian products, including clothing,
accessories, beauty products, and household items.
Link: Algeria Market
Boutique Dzair
Description: Boutique Dzair offers Algerian handcrafted products, traditional clothing, jewelry, and
decorative items.
Link: Boutique Dzair
BerbereShop
Description: BerbereShop specializes in Berber and North African products, including jewelry,
clothing, decorative items, and food products.
Link: BerbereShop
RueduCommerce Algeria
Description: RueduCommerce offers a variety of electronic, household, and clothing products in
Algeria.
Link: RueduCommerce Algeria
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