1- Sustainability Awareness (15-25 years)

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• Climate Change. The Earth has passed the limit for the amount of CO2 in the air, called the planetary boundary,

and is getting close to big changes that can't be undone. The CO2 level is now at 390 parts per million, and

experts are worried about how much longer we can stay above this limit before it's too late.

• Ocean acidifcation. The Earth is getting warmer and a lot of the pollution we make is going into the oceans.

This pollution makes the water more sour and makes it harder for animals with shells like clams and coral to

grow. This is a big problem because if we lose these animals, the ocean will change and it will be harder for fsh to

live there too. The ocean has already gotten 30% more sour than it was a long time ago.

• Freshwater consumption and the global hydrological cycle. The way fresh water moves around the world is

changing because of climate change. People are also having a big impact on it by using too much and changing

the land. This is causing big problems, like rivers not having enough water and areas becoming too dry. Soon,

many people might not have enough water to drink and live.

• Land system change. Land conversion for human use is a widespread issue across the globe, leading to the

alteration of various ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, and others into agricultural land. This

transformation has had signifcant consequences on the natural world, including reductions in biodiversity and

changes to the fow of water and biogeochemical cycling of crucial elements such as carbon, nitrogen,

phosphorus, and others.

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